Mössbauer, X-ray and magnetization studies of basic volcanic and hyperbasal rocks

Abstract

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The ⁵⁷Fe Mössbauer, X-ray diffraction and magnetic susceptibility studies were carried on two samples, basic volcanic (basalt) and hyperbasal (dolerite) rocks, collected from Kundal area of Rajasthan, India to identify iron-bearing minerals. Room temperature Mössbauer parameters of basalt sample show the presence of hematite (Fe₂O₃), aluminium substituted magnesioferrite [Mg(Fe_2-xAl_x)O₄] and illite. Iron is present as both Fe³⁺ and Fe²⁺ in illite. Temperature dependence of magnetic susceptibility measurements shows no transition around 120 K (Verway transition) for both the samples, indicating existence of (Mg, Al) substituted spinel ferrites. These results have been corroborated by X-diffraction and chemical analysis of the samples.

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