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Indian Journal of Experimental Biology (IJEB) >
IJEB Vol.44 [2006] >
IJEB Vol.44(09) [September 2006] >
| Title: | Genetic basis of HIV-1 resistance and susceptibility: An approach to understand correlation between human genes and HIV-1 infection |
| Authors: | Kumar, Vijay
Prakash, O
Manpreet, S
Sumedh, G
Medhi, B |
| Keywords: | AIDS
HIV-1
HLA
MHC |
| Issue Date: | Sep-2006 |
| Publisher: | CSIR |
| Abstract: | HIV infection is the serious medical and public health issue of
present generation. By 2005, it has already infected a cumulative total of more
than sixty million people worldwide and the number of HIV positive cases are
rising day by day. India is currently estimated to have about 5.1 million
infected persons with HIV-1 or AIDS (second only to South Africa) and this
number could increase to 24 million in the next ten years. This pandemic
situation of the AIDS stimulated a plethora of longitudinal cohort studies
which are designed to document medical heterogeneity as well as to mitigate the
factors that regulate the HIV-1 infection, disease progression and the immune
defenses. In recent years these genetic studies have led to the discovery of
various MHC and non MHC encoded genes, which directly or indirectly influence
the susceptibility and resistance to HIV infection and AIDS.
These genes
and their mutated forms and their
products which play a major role in determining the susceptibility or
resistance to HIV-1 infection and AIDS. These genes have been categorized into
MHC or non MHC encoded genes. The MHC encoded genes which determine HIV
resistance or susceptibility are HLA-B57,
HLA-B58, HLA-B27, HLA-Bw4 and HLA-A11
in Southeast Asians. On the other hand, non MHC encoded genes are CCR5, CCR2, RANTES, CXCL12, CXCR6,
CCL3L1, Interleukin-10 (IL-10), and interferon
gamma. The site specific mutations in these genes determine the
susceptibility or resistance to HIV-1 infection and AIDS. In future the study
of host genes in relation to HIV-1 infection may provide the researchers to
develop newer chemotherapeutic approaches to prevent or cure HIV-1 infection
effectively. |
| Page(s): | 683-692 |
| ISSN: | 0975-1009 (Online); 0019-5189 (Print) |
| Source: | IJEB Vol.44(09) [September 2006]
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