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Indian Journal of Experimental Biology (IJEB) >
IJEB Vol.44 [2006] >
IJEB Vol.44(08) [August 2006] >
| Title: | Toxicity assessment and microbial degradation of azo dyes |
| Authors: | Puvaneswari, N
Muthukrishnan, J
Gunasekaran, P |
| Keywords: | Azo dye
Bioremediation
Industrial effluent
Microbial degradation |
| Issue Date: | Aug-2006 |
| Publisher: | CSIR |
| Abstract: | Toxic effluents
containing azo dyes are discharged from various industries and they adversely
affect water resources, soil fertility, aquatic organisms and ecosystem
integrity. They pose toxicity (lethal effect, genotoxicity, mutagenicity and
carcinogenicity) to aquatic organisms (fish, algae, bacteria, etc.) as well as
animals. They are not readily degradable under natural conditions and are
typically not removed from waste water by conventional waste water treatment
systems. Benzidine based dyes have long been recognized as a human urinary
bladder carcinogen and tumorigenic in a variety of laboratory animals. Several
microorganisms have been found to decolourize, transform and even to completely
mineralize azo dyes. A mixed culture of two Pseudomonas
strains efficiently degraded mixture of 3-chlorobenzoate (3-CBA) and
phenol/cresols. Azoreductases of different microorganisms are useful for the
development of biodegradation systems as they catalyze reductive cleavage of
azo groups (-N=N-) under mild conditions. In this review, toxic impacts of
dyeing factory effluents on plants, fishes, and environment, and plausible
bioremediation strategies for removal of azo dyes have been discussed |
| Page(s): | 618-626 |
| ISSN: | 0975-1009 (Online); 0019-5189 (Print) |
| Source: | IJEB Vol.44(08) [August 2006]
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