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Indian Journal of Biochemistry and Biophysics (IJBB) >
IJBB Vol.43 [2006] >
IJBB Vol.43(5) [October 2006] >
| Title: | Hypolactasia as a molecular basis of lactose intolerance |
| Authors: | Kaur, Kamaljit
Mahmood, Safrun
Mahmood, Akhtar |
| Keywords: | Lactase-phlorizin hydrolase
Lactase activity
Adult-type hypolactasia
Lactase glycosylation and regulation
Lactose intolerance
Lactose gene expression |
| Issue Date: | 2006 |
| Publisher: | csir |
| Abstract: | Lactase-phlorizin hydrolase (LPH), a membrane-bound glycoprotein present in the luminal surface of enterocytes in the intestine is responsible for lactose intolerance, a phenomenon prevalent in humans worldwide. In the rodent intestine, the post-natal development of the LPH follows a specific pattern, such that the enzyme levels are high in the peri-natal period, but declines considerably upon maturation. The observed maturational decline in the LPH activity is very similar to adult-type hypolactasia observed in humans. Majority of the studies have been carried out using animal models or cell lines and a number of hypotheses have been put forward to explain the maturational decline of lactase activity such as: (a) decreased amount of lactase protein, (b) defect in post-translational modification of precursor lactase to the mature enzyme, and (c) synthesis of an inactive, high molecular weight lactase with altered glycosylation, however, the precise underlying mechanism of adult-type hypolactasia remains undefined. The present review describes the recent developments in understanding the regulation of lactase expression and the possible mechanism of adult-type hypolactasia, as a cause of lactose intolerance. |
| Page(s): | 267-274 |
| ISSN: | 0301-1208 |
| Source: | IJBB Vol.43(5) [October 2006]
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