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Indian Journal of Biochemistry and Biophysics (IJBB) >
IJBB Vol.45 [2008] >
IJBB Vol.45(4) [August 2008] >
| Title: | Natural Immunity to Rotavirus Infection in Children |
| Authors: | Malik, Jyoti
Bhan, Maharaj K.
Ray, Pratima |
| Keywords: | Rotavirus
Diarrhea
Children
Immune response
IgA
IgG
Antibodies
T cell
Cytokines
Natural infection |
| Issue Date: | Aug-2008 |
| Publisher: | CSIR |
| Abstract: | Annual deaths in infants and young children due to rotavirus (RV) infection are around 100,000 in India and about
600,000 globally. Development of a vaccine for this disease is a high priority. The protective mechanisms for RV diarrhea in
human are not fully understood, but it is known that children develop natural immunity against RV. Early exposure to RV
results in most severe episode of diarrhea and subsequent infections are milder or asymptomatic. Of the immune responses
measured during natural infection, RV-specific antibodies have been well documented, whereas data on cellular immunity in
humans are sparse. It is generally thought that two outer capsid proteins VP4 and VP7 play a critical role in protective
immunity by stimulating production of neutralizing antibodies. While serotype- specific protection mediated by antibodies
directed against the outer capsid proteins may be a mechanism of protection, such a correlate for protection has been
difficult to demonstrate in humans during clinical trials. Increasing evidences suggest that viral proteins that lack a capacity
of eliciting neutralizing antibody response also induce protective immunity. Limited efforts have focused on the role of nonstructural
proteins in protective immunity. This review describes current understanding of antibody responses in children
with focus on responses specific to viral antigens with their possible role in protective immunity. We have also briefly
reviewed the responses elicited to non-antibody effectors during RV infection in human subjects. |
| Page(s): | 219-228 |
| ISSN: | 0301-1208 |
| Source: | IJBB Vol.45(4) [August 2008]
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