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Bharatiya Vaigyanik evam Audyogik Anusandhan Patrika (BVAAP) >
BVAAP Vol.20 [2012] >
BVAAP Vol.20(1) [June 2012] >
| Title: | Critical issues in water resource management of Haryana State, India : Geoinformatics is the solution |
| Authors: | Chaudhary, B S |
| Issue Date: | Jun-2012 |
| Publisher: | NISCAIR-CSIR, India |
| Abstract: | The pressure on water resource availability is
continuously increasing due to population explosion, industrialization,
urbanization and climatic vagaries. Geoinformation technology which emphasizes
on the synergistic use of Geographical Information System (GIS), space based
Remote Sensing (RS), Global Positioning System (GPS) and Information and
Communication Technology (ICT) can easily help in tackling such problems in a
better, faster, economic and more efficient manner. These techniques have an
edge over the conventional methods due to the advantages of synoptic view,
repetitive coverage, and multi resolution satellite data. This helps us in
generation of water resources information on various scales. The effective
planning for water resources conservation and management at district level can be
made if the data is generated on 1:50,000 scale by using medium resolution
satellite images. Haryana state may be divided in to three basins, namely the
Yamuna basin, the Ghaggar basin and internal basin
which are parts of Ganges and Indus system. In
northern Haryana, the land area slopes from northeast to southwest, whereas in
south, it slopes from southwest to northeast. This makes almost a latitudinal
depression along Sirsa-Fatehabad-Hisar-Jind-Rohtak-Delhi axis. This saucer
shaped physiography of the state is responsible for many problems related to
water resources along this central axis. The ground water conditions in
northern and southern parts of the state are fresh but facing the problem of
water level decline due to over exploitation for intensive
agriculture purposes. As a result, at present Haryana have problems of over
drafting of fresh quality water in northern and southern districts and
excessive canal irrigation in the areas of poor/ marginal ground water
conditions due to highly water intensive & multiple cropping systems as a
result of green revolution. This is creating the two diverse problems that of
ground water table declining in the northern and southern part whereas the
water logging and salinity in the central portion. This calls for
integrated study of water resources in the state for
its sustained use.
Looking to the benefits of
Geoinformatics technology a number of projects have been taken up in the state
by various organizations. The present paper discusses the preparation of ground
water prospects maps in various parts of Haryana state on one side and the site
selection for artificial recharge of ground water in some other parts. Firstly,
Hydrogeomorphological maps on 1:50,000 scale showing different ground water
prospect zones are prepared for different districts in Haryana State, India.
These depict ground water worthy features. This information has been
supplemented with the available inputs from existing sources about the depth to
water level and ground water quality etc. The othermaps such as land use/ land
cover, geomorphology, drainage/ canal network and soils etc have also been
consulted for preparing water resources action plan. The maps thus prepared
depict different units for further ground water prospecting. The surface water
resources action plan maps have been prepared by integrating geomorphology,
slope, drainage, soil maps and various sites have been suggested for site
specific water resources conservation measures such check dams/ gully plugging,
earthen dams etc. The information thus developed has been submitted to various
departments involved in the planning and management of natural resources in the
state for further implementation of the activities suggested in different
areas. |
| Page(s): | 126-130 |
| CC License: |  CC Attribution-Noncommercial-No Derivative Works 2.5 India |
| ISSN: | 0975-2412 (Online); 0771-7706 (Print) |
| Source: | BVAAP Vol.20(1) [June 2012]
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