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Indian Journal of Biotechnology (IJBT) >
IJBT Vol.02 [2003] >
IJBT Vol.02(3) [July 2003] >
| Title: | Microbial Secondary Metabolites Production and Strain Improvement |
| Authors: | Gonzalez, J Barrios
Fernandez, F J
Tomasini, A |
| Keywords: | Secondary metabolites
New activities
Classical and molecular genetic improvement |
| Issue Date: | Jul-2003 |
| Publisher: | NISCAIR-CSIR, India |
| Abstract: | Microbial secondary metabolites are compounds
produced mainly by actinomycetes and fungi, usually late in the growth cycle
(idiophase). Although antibiotics are the best known secondary metabolites
(SM), there are others with an enormous range of other biological activities
mainly in fields like: pharmaceutical and cosmetics, food, agriculture and
farming. These include compounds with anti-inflammatory, hypotensive,
antitumour, anticholesterolemic activities, and also insecticides, plant growth
regulators and environmental friendly herbicides and pesticides. These
compounds are usually produced by liquid submerged fermentation, but some of
these metabolites could be advantageously produced by solid-state fermentation.
Today, strain improvement can be performed by two alternative strategies, each
having distinct advantages, and in some cases all these approaches can be used
in concert to increase production such as classical genetic methods with
mutation and random selection or rational selection (including genetic recombination);
and molecular genetic improvement methods. The latter can be applied by:
amplification of SM biosynthetic genes, inactivation of competing pathways,
disruption or amplification of regulatory genes, manipulation of secretory
mechanisms and expression of a convenient heterologous protein. It is
visualized that in the near future, genomics will also be applied to industrial
strain improvement. |
| Page(s): | 322-333 |
| CC License: |  CC Attribution-Noncommercial-No Derivative Works 2.5 India |
| ISSN: | 0975-0967 (Online); 0972-5849 (Print) |
| Source: | IJBT Vol.02(3) [July 2003]
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