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Bharatiya Vaigyanik evam Audyogik Anusandhan Patrika (BVAAP) >
BVAAP Vol.18 [2010] >
BVAAP Vol.18(1) [June 2010] >
| Title: | Xenorhabdus : A potential nano-pharmaceutical perspective |
| Authors: | Ganguly, Sudershan
Kumar, Sushil
Rani, Priya
Sanyal, Debashree |
| Issue Date: | Jun-2010 |
| Publisher: | CSIR |
| Abstract: | Xenorhabdus spp. and Photorhabdus spp. are Gram-negative
bacteria belonging to the family Enterobacteriaceae
which are found in mutualistic
symbiosis with Entomopathogenic Nematodes (EPNs) of the families of the
Steinernematidae and
Heterorhabditidae, respectively. These bacteria produce secondary metabolites
that have
antibiotic activity against a
wide range of bacterial and fungal species including human pathogenic fungi and
yeasts
and multi-drug resistant human
pathogenic bacteria. More than 30 bioactive compounds of diverse chemical
structures
had been identified which have
a broad range of bioactivities of medicinal and agricultural interest, such as
antibiotic,
antimycotic, insecticidal,
nematicidal, antiulcer, antineoplastic and antiviral. Their antibiotic activity
against a wide
variety of microorganisms
including Gram positive Micrococcus, Staphylococcus and Bacillus, Gram negative
Escherichia, Shigella,
Enterobacter, Serratia, Proteuserwinia, Flavobacterium and Pseudomonas and the yeasts
Candida and Saccharomyces is already known. Some
biotoxins with strong antimycotic activity against a range of fungi including Botrytis cinera, Fusarium
oxysporum, Fusarium solani, Mucor piriformis, Pythium coloratum,
Pythium ultimum, Penicillium spp. Trichoderma pseudokingii, had also been reported. Xenorhabdus synthesizes
and secretes broad spectral
antibiotics as well as species-specific bacteriocins. An antimicrobial protein
(Xenoprotec)
produced from Xenorhabdus, had a great effect on Staphylococcus, Salmonella,
Pseudomonas and Enterococcus
faecalis which are potential human
pathogens. Some antibacterial proteins effective against Staphylococcus aureus
[Penicillin Resistant Strains
(PRS) and Methicillin Resistant Strains (MRS)] and Pseudomonas fluorescence (PRS),
which probably constitute a
group of new generation antibiotics. Xenorhabdus showed potent cytotoxicity against a
wide range of cancerous cells
from lung, colon, prostate, skin, renal, breast and cervical, and found to be a
potent
preventative of the effects of
a carcinogen on normal rat tracheal epithelial cells.
Xenoprotec biotoxins may prove
to be a boon for medical and pharmaceutical industries as novel eco-friendly
costeffective
antimicrobial agents effective
in nano-doses, unlike other available drugs. Experiments had been conducted
on rat, rabbit and other
animal models throughout the world and may extend to humans, thus may open
vistas
for nano-pharmacology. |
| Page(s): | 66-69 |
| ISSN: | 0975-2412 (Online); 0771-7706 (Print) |
| Source: | BVAAP Vol.18(1) [June 2010]
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