NISCAIR Online Periodicals Repository Collection: IJBT Vol.09(3) [July 2010]

Somatic embryogenesis from leaf explants of soapnut (Sapindus mukorossi Gaertn.)

Mon, 28 Jun 2010 22:58:59 GMT

Title: Somatic embryogenesis from leaf explants of soapnut (Sapindus mukorossi Gaertn.)

Authors: Philomina, N S

Abstract: Plant regeneration through somatic embryogenesis has been developed in an economically important forest tree, Sapindus mukorossi Gaetin. Calli obtained by culturing young leaf explants on MS medium containing growth regulators, 2,4-D (6.7 M) and Kn (9.0 M), when subjected to reduced levels of 2,4-D (2.2 M)+Kn (4.6mM), produced numerous somatic embryos. Somatic embryos developed into complete plantlets on MS medium devoid of growth regulators. The regenerated plantlets were successfully established in the soil with 90% survival frequency after a few days of acclimatization.

Page(s): 336-337

Direct organogenesis from hypocotyl explants of Psoralea corylifolia L.—An endangered medicinal plant

Mon, 28 Jun 2010 22:58:59 GMT

Title: Direct organogenesis from hypocotyl explants of Psoralea corylifolia L.—An endangered medicinal plant

Authors: Baskaran, P; Jayabalan, N

Abstract: A protocol has been developed for in vitro regeneration of Psoralea corylifolia L. through adventitious shoot regeneration from hypocotyl explants cultured on Murashige and Skoog (MS) medium supplemented with various combinations and concentrations of plant growth regulators. The highest response was obtained on MS medium containing 3.0 µM benzyladenine (BA), 1.0 µM naphthalene acetic acid (NAA), 5.0 M ascorbic acid (AA) and 100 mg L^-1casein hydrolysate (CH). The regenerated shoots were rooted on half-strength MS basal medium supplemented with 3.0 µM indole-3-butyric acid (IBA). Rooted shoots were effectively transferred to garden soil, farmyard soil and sand (2:1:1 ratio) mixture. Subsequently, the plants were successfully acclimatized. During acclimatization, the plants were irrigated with 50 mL one-eighth strength MS basal salt solution devoid of sucrose and inositol, but supplemented with 3.0 M IBA and 100 mg L^–1 bavistin (BVN). The plants were subsequently established in the field.

Page(s): 329-332

Intraspecific variation in the internal transcribed spacer (ITS) regions of rDNA in Withania somnifera (Linn.) Dunal

Mon, 28 Jun 2010 22:58:59 GMT

Title: Intraspecific variation in the internal transcribed spacer (ITS) regions of rDNA in Withania somnifera (Linn.) Dunal

Authors: Mir, Bilal Ahmad; Koul, Sushma; Kumar, Arun; Kaul, Maharaj K; Soodan, Amarjit Singh; Raina, Soom Nath

Abstract: Intraspecific variation in ITS regions of the rDNA among the five wild and five cultivated genotypes of Withania somnifera, were evaluated at nucleotide sequence level using restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP). The entire internal transcribed spacer (ITS1-5.8S-ITS2) region was first amplified by PCR and then cleaved with four different restriction enzymes (EcoRV, Hinf I, Afa I & Hae III). Restriction endonuclease digests, types, and sequence length composition of ITS 1 and ITS 2 of nuclear ribosomal DNA provided discrete differences between the cultivated and wild genotypes. A 710 bp single amplified product was obtained in all the five wild genotypes whereas, two ITS bands named as ITS type A and B of 709 bp and 552 bp, respectively were obtained in the five cultivated genotypes. A single deletion at 672 position was noted in ITS type A of cultivated genotypes. There was no restriction site in 552 bp ITS band for all the four restriction enzymes used. The variation of ITS at amplification as well as digestion level is in conformity with morphological and phytochemical differences in W. somnifera genotypes.

Page(s): 325-328

Plant regeneration from alginate-encapsulated somatic embryos of Dalbergia sissoo Roxb.

Mon, 28 Jun 2010 22:58:59 GMT

Title: Plant regeneration from alginate-encapsulated somatic embryos of Dalbergia sissoo Roxb.

Authors: Singh, Ajay Kumar; Chand, Suresh

Abstract: A method has been developed for plant regeneration by encapsulation of somatic embryos obtained from callus cultures derived from semi-mature cotyledon explants of Dalbergia sissoo Roxb. (family Fabaceae). Embryogenic callus was developed from cotyledon pieces on Murashige and Skoog (1962) medium supplemented with 9.04 mM 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid and 0.46 mM kinetin. The somatic embryos were induced from embryogenic callus on hormone free ½-MS medium with 2% sucrose. Cotyledonary stage somatic embryos were encapsulated using sodium alginate (2.5%) and calcium chloride (75 mM) as gelling matrix. The highest frequency (43.3%) for conversion of encapsulated somatic embryos into plantlets was achieved on ½-MS medium with 2% sucrose. Plantlets with well developed shoots and roots were established in pots containing autoclaved mixture of peat moss and soil. Under ex vitro conditions, the conversion of encapsulated somatic embryos into plantlets was also achieved when these were directly sown in autoclaved peat moss moistened with ½-MS0 medium.

Page(s): 319-324