http://nopr.niscair.res.in/handle/123456789/75 Search the Channel search http://nopr.niscair.res.in/simple-search http://nopr.niscair.res.in/handle/123456789/151 Title: Antiphospholipid antibodies in young myocardial infarction patients <br/> <br/>Authors: Mishra, Mahendra N; Kalra, Ravi; Gupta, Mahendra K <br/> <br/>Abstract: Myocardial infarction (MI) is a multi-factorial disease which claims many young lives. There are very few Indian studies that have investigated antiphospholipid antibodies (APLs) in MI patients. APLs have been implicated in arterial thrombosis including premature coronary artery and cerebrovascular thrombosis. In the present study, the prevalence of two clinically significant APLs — anticardiolipin antibody (ACA) and lupus anticoagulants (LA) in young MI patients was studied and compared with age- and sex-matched controls. Fifty healthy blood donors and 40 young MI patients (less than 45 yrs) diagnosed according to the American Heart Association guidelines were recruited for the study. The criteria for diagnosis were presence of atleast two of three classical findings including: clinical symptoms, diagnostic ECG, and presence of one or more cardiac biomarkers out of raised CK-MB isoform and T-troponin on serial measurement. LA and ACA were tested by lupus-sensitive activated partial thromboplastin time (aPTT) and ELISA respectively. Elevation of ACA was observed in 9 patients, while 6 were positive for LA. ACA of IgG isotype was detected in 8 patients. One patient had LA and raised ACA of IgG and IgM isotypes. Antiphospholipid antibodies were found to be significantly associated with MI in young patients, when considered together (p<0.05) and in coronary thrombosis, mild elevation of ACA may be considered significant. <br/> <br/>Page(s): 481-484 Wed, 28 Nov 2007 22:58:59 GMT http://nopr.niscair.res.in/handle/123456789/150 Title: Modulatory effect of Gynandropsis gynandra L. on glucose metabolizing enzymes in aflatoxin B₁-induced hepatocellular carcinoma in rats <br/> <br/>Authors: Sivanesan, D; Begum, V Hazeena <br/> <br/>Abstract: The modulation of glucose-metabolizing enzymes activities play a vital role in the depletion of energy metabolism and leads to inhibition of cancer growth. In the present study, the effect of Gynandropsis gynandra L. extract on aflatoxin B₁ (AFB₁)-induced hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) was studied on glucose-metabolizing enzymes in rats. A significant increase (p<0.001) in the activities of the key glycolytic enzymes viz., hexokinase and phosphoglucoisomerase, with a significant decrease (p<0.001) in the gluconeogenic enzymes glucose-6-phosphatase and fructose-1,6-bisphosphatase were observed in HCC-bearing rats, when compared with the control. Administration of G. gynandra extract caused a significant decrease in the activities of glycolytic enzymes and an increase in the gluconeogenic enzymes activities to near normal values. Thus, findings suggest the G. gynandra extract has a definite modulating role on the key enzymes of glucose metabolism in HCC. The modulatory effect may be due to the phytoactive constituents present in the extract of G. gynandra. <br/> <br/>Page(s): 477-480 Wed, 28 Nov 2007 22:58:59 GMT http://nopr.niscair.res.in/handle/123456789/149 Title: Quantitative structure-activity relationship of some pesticides <br/> <br/>Authors: Praba, G Om; Velmurugan, D <br/> <br/>Abstract: Herbicides (benzodiazepinediones), insecticides (dioxatricyclododecenes) and larvicides (N-oxalyl derivatives of tebufenozide) have been quantitatively investigated to explore the relationship between the molecular structure and their biological activity using molecular operating environment (MOE) software. The study provides good predictive models, cross-validated by leave-out-one method (Loo). The positive contribution of the descriptor n-O (count of oxygen atom) suggests the additional oxygen atom substitution at R₁ position, in addition to benzodiazepine moiety is favorable for herbicidal activity, whereas the negative contribution of y component of dipole moment (Dipy) indicates that electronic interactions are also crucial for the activity. The negative correlation of VSA² and globularity (Glo) descriptors clearly indicates that the volume, shape, and rigidity of tebufenozide derivatives determine their larvicidal activity. The biparametric model for insecticides shows that the indicator variable ICH-CH₃ and RPC⁻ (negative partial charge) are detrimental for its activity. Most of the active compounds in the series have shown less value for these descriptors. The derived QSAR models also provide valuable insights to optimize their toxicity, which remains a major concern for environment safety. <br/> <br/>Page(s): 470-476 Wed, 28 Nov 2007 22:58:59 GMT http://nopr.niscair.res.in/handle/123456789/148 Title: Biological activity predictions, crystallographic comparison and hydrogen bonding analysis of cholane derivatives <br/> <br/>Authors: Rajnikant; Dinesh; Chand, Bhavnaish <br/> <br/>Abstract: A total of eighteen molecules of cholane derivatives (I-XVIII) (a series of steroids) have been included to predict their pharmacological effects, specific mechanisms of action, known toxicities, drug-likeness, etc, by using the statistics of multilevel neighbourhoods of atoms (MNA) descriptors for active and inactive fragments. The biological activity spectra for substances have been correlated on SAR base (structure-activity relationships data and knowledge base), which provides the different Pa (possibility of activity) and Pi (possibility of inactivity). Most of the probable activities have been characterized by Pa and Pi values, which depict that all the molecules have high value of teratogen activity. The Lipinski’s thumb rule predicts that all the cholane derivatives have stronger preponderance for “cancer-like-drug” molecules and some of their related analogous have entered in the ANCI (American National Cancer Institute) database. Some selected bond distances and bond angles of interest have been taken into account and deviation of bond distances/bond angles, vis-a-vis the substitutional group and X–H…A intra/intermolecular hydrogen bonds has been discussed in detail. X–H…A intra and intermolecular hydrogen bonds in the molecules have been described with the standard distance and angle cut-off criteria. D–θ and d–θ scatter plots for intra- and intermolecular interactions are presented for better understanding of packing interactions existing among these derivatives. There exists only one C–H…O intramolecular bifurcated hydrogen bond, while high tendency of intermolecular bifurcated hydrogen bonds based on a defined O–H…O has been observed, in which O atom acts as a prototype donor as well as acceptor. The frequency of occurrence of C–H…O hydrogen bonds is predominant (i.e. 85.7%) in intramolecular interactions, whereas in intermolecular interactions, frequency of occurrence for O–H…O interactions is 62.9%. Solvent-solute/solute-solvent interactions have also been investigated to understand more complicated processes that occur for biomolecules in aqueous solutions. The number of hydrogen donors in each derivative is less than 5, except for molecule XVIII and which has 91.3% of drug-likeness, instead of observed range of 96.5-99.3%. <br/> <br/>Page(s): 458-469 Wed, 28 Nov 2007 22:58:59 GMT