http://nopr.niscair.res.in/handle/123456789/4766 Search the Channel search http://nopr.niscair.res.in/simple-search http://nopr.niscair.res.in/handle/123456789/4814 Title: Settling and filtration characteristics of carbonated black liquor from agro based paper mill <br/> <br/>Authors: Mandavgane, S A; Subramanian, D <br/> <br/>Abstract: The chemical pulping of agricultural residues poses no problem however major difficulty arises in recovery of heat and chemicals from cooking chemical (black liquor) due to presence of silica in it, at every stage of chemical recovery. Desilication of black liquor is achieved by carbonation effecting delignification. Filtration is a key unit operation in successful desilication technology. Low temperature and low flocculent dose is found to favor sedimentation rate. Filtration of carbonated black liquor using leaf filter shows that temperature favors rate of filtration. Co-precipitation of lignin makes filtration difficult. <br/> <br/>Page(s): 169-173 Sun, 29 Jan 2006 22:58:59 GMT http://nopr.niscair.res.in/handle/123456789/4813 Title: Physico-chemical characteristics of extruded snacks prepared from rice (<i style="">Oryza sativa </i>L<i style="">),</i> corn (<i style="">Zea mays </i>L<i style="">)</i> and taro [<i style="">Colocasia esculenta </i>(L) Schott] by twin-screw extrusion <br/> <br/>Authors: Bhattacharyya, P; Ghosh, U; Gangopadhyay, H; Raychaudhuri, U <br/> <br/>Abstract: <smarttagtype namespaceuri="urn:schemas-microsoft-com:office:smarttags" name="country-region"><smarttagtype namespaceuri="urn:schemas-microsoft-com:office:smarttags" name="City"><smarttagtype namespaceuri="urn:schemas-microsoft-com:office:smarttags" name="place"> Rice, corn and taro starch blends were used to prepare snacks by a twin-screw extruder at 141, 150 and 159^oC respectively. Sodium dodecyl sulphate (SDS) and phosphate buffer (pH 6.9) were found to extract more protein than plain buffer solution from extrudates. Loss of carbohydrate (maltose) was documented in extruded snacks. A universal texture analyzer (model-4301 Instron, London, UK) was used in the compression mode to record the required force to break the extruded products. The results showed a trend toward increasing expansion, decreasing density, and decreasing breaking force with barrel temperatures of 141-159°C. The surface morphology of the extrudates was examined through scanning electron microscopy (SEM). </smarttagtype></smarttagtype></smarttagtype> <br/> <br/>Page(s): 165-168 Sun, 29 Jan 2006 22:58:59 GMT http://nopr.niscair.res.in/handle/123456789/4812 Title: Application of Ground Penetrating Radar for hydro-geological study <br/> <br/>Authors: Singh, K K K <br/> <br/>Abstract: The open cast mining has, in some places, extended below the groundwater table. Impact of mining may affect availability of groundwater, and this has become a matter of concern because villages in that region (near open cast mines) suffer from water scarcity during dry periods. Exploitation of an enormous amount of ore may result in groundwater depletion. However, these effects are dependent mainly on the geological formations in the region and mining method. In some places, groundwater table occurs at shallow depth from the surface and some places underlying strata are impervious clay layers, which may be above groundwater table. In most places, clay layers exist above groundwater table. Due to presence of impervious clay layers above the groundwater table, extraction of ores will most likely not affect surrounding hydrological regime of those areas. This paper aims to highlight the significance of Ground Penetrating Radar (GPR) survey prior to excavation in areas where impervious clay layers occur as underlying strata. GPR will be very helpful to check groundwater depletion in open cast mines indirectly after exploring the subsurface geological scenario. Hydrological regime of the mining areas will be saved with the help of GPR by distinguishing between groundwater and clay. <br/> <br/>Page(s): 160-164 Sun, 29 Jan 2006 22:58:59 GMT http://nopr.niscair.res.in/handle/123456789/4811 Title: Firing temperature and firing time influence on mechanical and physical properties of clay bricks <br/> <br/>Authors: Karaman, Sedat; Ersahin, Sabit; Gunal, Hikmet <br/> <br/>Abstract: The effects of firing time and temperature on compressive strength, water absorption, bending strength, weight loss, firing shrinkage and densities of clay bricks were determined. For a given clay and method of manufacture, higher compressive and bending strengths, higher density and lower absorptions are associated with higher firing temperatures. Increasing firing time only slightly altered the mechanical and physical properties of clay bricks. However, firing temperature significantly affected the physical properties. The results suggested that firing temperature was the key factor to modulate the physical properties in clay bricks. However, the effect of firing time was not significant. The results obtained in this study can only be compared to the properties of bricks produced under similar conditions with similar raw materials. <br/> <br/>Page(s): 153-159 Sun, 29 Jan 2006 22:58:59 GMT