NISCAIR Online Periodicals Repository Collection: IJEB Vol.46(02) [February 2008]

Nutritional regulation of actinomycin-D production by a new isolate of Streptomyces sindenensis using statistical methods

Tue, 29 Jan 2008 22:58:59 GMT

Title: Nutritional regulation of actinomycin-D production by a new isolate of Streptomyces sindenensis using statistical methods

Authors: Praveen, Vandana; Tripathi, Divya; Tripathi, C K M; Bihari, Vinod

Abstract: Production of actinomycin-D, by an isolate, S. sindenensis, was optimized by statistical methods. Fructose peptone and NaNO₃ were found to be critical for antibiotic production. In the second step, their concentrations were optimized with Central Composite Design and Response Surface Methodology. Fructose, peptone and NaNO₃ at 2.55, 0.309 and 0.114 % respectively gave ~261 % higher yield (289 mg/l). Cultivation in fermentor at 600 rpm agitation and 1.5 vvm aeration with optimized medium gave 3.56 folds higher yield (365 mg/l) as compared to the yields in shake flasks using normal production medium (80 mg/l).

Page(s): 138-144

Ameliorative effect of PartySmart in rat model of alcoholic liver disease

Tue, 29 Jan 2008 22:58:59 GMT

Title: Ameliorative effect of PartySmart in rat model of alcoholic liver disease

Authors: Gopumadhavan, S; Rafiq, Mohammed; Azeemuddin, M; Mitra, S K

Abstract: Present study was designed to investigate the effect of polyherbal formulation PartySmart in experimental model of alcoholic liver disease in male Wistar strain rats. Alcohol plus fish oil were administered to animals for 8 weeks to induce liver injury. PartySmart was administered at doses of 250 and 500 mg/kg body weight. After 8 weeks, parameters such as liver weight, liver function serum markers alanine transaminase (ALT), aspartate transaminase (AST) and alkaline phosphatase (ALP) and lipid peroxidation were studied. Livers from all the groups were subjected for histological evaluation. Treatment with PartySmart at the dose of 500 mg/kg body weight showed significant reduction in the levels of serum ALT, AST and ALP with a decrease in liver weight as compared to ethanol-fed rats. A significant decrease was also observed in malondialdehyde levels following treatment with PartySmart at 500 mg/kg body weight. Histological profile of liver tissue in PartySmart-treated animals showed lesser vacuolar degeneration and intactness of hepatic architecture along with improved glycogen deposition as demonstrated by PAS staining. PartySmart ameliorated alcohol-induced liver injury by preventing cell membrane disturbances, reduction of oxidative stress by free radical scavenging and antioxidant activity and normalization of altered intracellular redox status. Thus, PartySmart can be beneficial in the treatment of alcohol-induced liver damage.

Page(s): 132-137

Anti-microfilarial activity of methanolic extract of Vitex negundo and Aegle marmelos and their phytochemical analysis

Tue, 29 Jan 2008 22:58:59 GMT

Title: Anti-microfilarial activity of methanolic extract of Vitex negundo and Aegle marmelos and their phytochemical analysis

Authors: Sahare, K N; Anandhraman, V; Meshram, V G; Meshram, S U; Reddy, M V R; Tumane, P M; Goswami, K

Abstract: In the present study, methanolic extracts of roots of Vitex negundo L. and extracts of leaves of Vitex negundo L., Ricinus communis L. and Aegle marmelos Corr. were explored for possible antifilarial effect against Brugia malayi microfilariae. It was observed that among the herbal extracts, root extract of Vitex negundo L. and leaves extract of Aegle marmelos Corr. at 100 ng/ml concentration showed complete loss of motility of microfilariae after 48 hr of incubation. Thin layer chromatography of the extracts revealed the presence of alkaloids, saponin and flavonoids in the roots of Vitex negundo L. and coumarin in the leaves of Aegle marmelos Corr.

Page(s): 128-131

In vitro antiviral activity of plant extracts on goatpox virus replication

Tue, 29 Jan 2008 22:58:59 GMT

Title: In vitro antiviral activity of plant extracts on goatpox virus replication

Authors: Bhanuprakash, V; Hosamani, M; Balamurugan, V; Gandhale, P; Naresh, Ram; Swarup, D; Singh, R K

Abstract: Four plants having known medicinal properties were screened for inhibition of goatpox virus (GTPV) replication in vitro. Of the 4 plants, extract of Acacia arabica (Babul) and Eugenia jambolana (Jamun) leaves had inhibition (%) 99.70 and 99.92 at their maximum non toxic concentrations, 99.93±0.38 and 1999.73±0.50 mg/ml, respectively in all cytopathic effect (CPE) inhibition assays. Inhibition of GTPV virus replication was further confirmed by PCR and SYBR Green based quantitative real-time QPCR assays specific for GTPV. Results indicated that the extract of Acacia arabica and Eugenia jambolana leaves inhibited GTPV replication in vitro.

Page(s): 120-127