NISCAIR Online Periodicals Repository Collection: IJEB Vol.50(04) [April 2012]

Cadmium tolerance and antibiotic resistance in Escherichia coli isolated from waste stabilization ponds

Thu, 29 Mar 2012 22:58:59 GMT

Title: Cadmium tolerance and antibiotic resistance in Escherichia coli isolated from waste stabilization ponds

Authors: Patra, Sova; Das, T K; Avila, C; Cabello, V; Castillo, F; Sarkar (Paria), D; Lahiri (Ganguly), Susmita; Jana, B B

Abstract: The incidence pattern of cadmium tolerance and antibiotics resistance by Escherichia coli was examined periodically from the samples of water, sludge and intestine of fish raised in waste stabilization ponds in a sewage treatment plant. Samples of water and sludge were collected from all the selected ponds and were monitored for total counts of fecal coliform (FC), total coliform (TC) and the population of Escherichia coli, which was also obtained from the intestine of fishes. Total counts of both FC and TC as well as counts of E. coli were markedly reduced from the facultative pond to the last maturation pond. Tolerance limit to cadmium by E. coli tended to decline as the distance of the sewage effluent from the source increased; the effective lethal concentration of cadmium ranged from 0.1 mM in split chamber to 0.05 mM in first maturation pond. E. coli isolated from water, sludge and fish gut were sensitive to seven out of ten antibiotics tested. It appears that holistic functions mediated through the mutualistic growth of micro algae and heterotrophic bacteria in the waste stabilization ponds were responsible for the promotion of water quality and significant reduction of coliform along the sewage effluent gradient.

Page(s): 300-307

Decolourization and degradation of C.I.Reactive Red 195 by Georgenia sp.CC-NMPT-T3

Thu, 29 Mar 2012 22:58:59 GMT

Title: Decolourization and degradation of C.I.Reactive Red 195 by Georgenia sp.CC-NMPT-T3

Authors: Sahasrabudhe, Madhuri; Pathade, Girish

Abstract: Azo dye Reactive Red 195 was selected for decolourization and degradation studies by Georgenia sp.CC-NMPT-T3. Optimization of parameters for dye decolourization was studied under static anoxic condition. Under optimized condition decolourization of Reactive Red 195 by Georgenia sp.CC-NMPT-T3 was found to be 95.93 % at 50 mg/L within five hours in static anoxic condition. The optimum pH and temperature for the decolourization was 7.0 and 40 °C respectively. The biodegradation was monitored by UV-Vis, and TLC and HPLC. Toxicity study demonstrated no toxicity of the biodegraded product. The results suggest that the isolated organism Georgenia sp.CC-NMPT-T3 as a useful tool to treat wastewater containing reactive dyes.

Page(s): 290-299

Immunomodulatory effects of alcoholic and hydroalcoholic extracts of Moringa olifera Lam leaves

Thu, 29 Mar 2012 22:58:59 GMT

Title: Immunomodulatory effects of alcoholic and hydroalcoholic extracts of Moringa olifera Lam leaves

Authors: Banji, Otilia J F; Banji, David; Kavitha, R

Abstract: Effects of 50, 100 and 200 mg/kg body weight of the alcoholic and hydro-alcoholic extract of leaves of M. olifera were studied on various immune paradigms like delayed type hypersensitivity reaction using SRBC as an antigen, determination of antibody titer, neutrophil adhesion test as an indicator for neutrophil index, total leucocyte count in cyclophosphamide induced immunosuppressed animals and carbon clearance assay as a measure of phagocytic activity. Hydro-alcoholic extract of M. olifera substantially enhanced cellular immune response, humoral immune response, neutrophil index and phagoctic activity in doses of 100 and 200 mg/kg body weight. The ethanolic extract (200 mg/kg body wieght) was efficient in improving immune response. The results suggest that M. olifera has a significant role to play as an immune stimulator.

Page(s): 270-276

Rapid screening and cultivation of oleaginous microorganisms

Thu, 29 Mar 2012 22:58:59 GMT

Title: Rapid screening and cultivation of oleaginous microorganisms

Authors: Gao, Xinlei; Liu, Ye; Chen, Zhongju; Wu, Li

Abstract: Oleaginous microbial strains were cultivated to identify the best oil-producing strain amongst Yarrowia lipolytica (CGMCC 2.1398), Lipomyces starkeyi (CGMCC 2.1608), Rhodosporidium toruloides (CGMCC 2.1389), Mortierella isabellina (CGMCC 3.3410), Cunninghamella blakeleana (CGMCC 3.970), and Mycobacterium QJ311. A method for rapid determination of oil content and fatty acid composition was established to identify the optimum oil-producing strains. This method had a relative standard deviation of 4.09%, an average recovery ratio of 97.09% and a detection limit of 0.1–1.0 g. Mortierella isabellina CGMCC 3.3410 was identified as the best oil-producing strain amongst the six strains tested, with a total biomass of 75 g/10 L and a lipid content of 35%. A rapid screening method of oleaginous microorganisms is discussed for the first time.

Page(s): 282-289