NISCAIR Online Periodicals Repository Collection: JSIR Vol.71(02) [February 2012]

In vitro adsorption of drugs using modified sugarcane bagasse

Sun, 29 Jan 2012 22:58:59 GMT

Title: In vitro adsorption of drugs using modified sugarcane bagasse

Authors: Khan, Mir Azam; Saeed, Khalid; Abdullah; Ahmad, Waqar; Mabood, Fazal; Maqsood-ur-Rehman

Abstract: This study presents activated carbon from sugarcane bagasse (SB) as adsorbent of drugs (Levofloxacin, Hydrochlorothiazide and Paracetamol). Effect of different variables (contact time, initial drug concentration and dose of adsorbent) was studied at acidic pH. SB was characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Chemical treatments resulted in pore formation within SB sample while surfaces of untreated SB sample were without pores. Maximum adsorption (37%) of drugs from solution was in1-3 h. Adsorption followed Langmuir isotherm model.

Page(s): 161-167

Assessment of emissions from transport sector in Delhi

Sun, 29 Jan 2012 22:58:59 GMT

Title: Assessment of emissions from transport sector in Delhi

Authors: Singh, Richa; Sharma, Chhemendra

Abstract: This study presents emissions of different pollutants from transport sector in Delhi. Results show that emissions of pollutants have increased during 2001-2009 as follows: CO2, 4395-6423; CH4, 1.03-3.32; N2O, 0.04-0.05; CO, 238-329; NOx, 44-64; and NMVOC, 44-60 Gg. However, CO2 emissions per unit of vehicle types for gasoline driven vehicles show a decrease as follows: two wheelers, 2.7; and cars, 4.3%; while in case of diesel driven vehicles, this reduction is 1.6%, indicating impact of better vehicle technologies introduced. However, CO2 emissions from per unit of CNG vehicles have been found to increase by 2.4% during this period due to increased consumption of CNG per unit of CNG vehicles.

Page(s): 155-160

Optimized growth of Rhodobacter sphaeroides O.U.001 using response surface methodology (RSM)

Sun, 29 Jan 2012 22:58:59 GMT

Title: Optimized growth of Rhodobacter sphaeroides O.U.001 using response surface methodology (RSM)

Authors: Hay, Jacqueline Xiao Wen; Wu, Ta Yeong; Teh, Chee Yang; Jahim, Jamaliah Md.

Abstract: This study presents optimization of growth parameters (temperature, pH, ammonium conc. and inoculum size) to achieve an economical viable biohydrogen production process by Rhodobacter sphaeroides O.U.001 using response surface methodology (RSM) followed by analysis of light and agitation effects on bacterial growth using optimized conditions. Optimized growth conditions on third day of fermentation, when R. sphaeroides O.U.001 was cultured aerobically under the presence of light (510 lux), were found as follows: temperature, 30.3oC; pH, 4.71; ammonium conc., 0.60 g/l; and inoculum size, 6.02% (v/v). Light did not give a significant effect on overall growth of R. sphaeroides O.U.001. Agitation greatly influenced bacterial growth as a result of higher dissolved oxygen and dispersion of macromolecules in shake culture.

Page(s): 149-154

A new approach for predicting PAT-pumps operating point from direct pumping mode characteristics

Sun, 29 Jan 2012 22:58:59 GMT

Title: A new approach for predicting PAT-pumps operating point from direct pumping mode characteristics

Authors: Páscoa, J C; Silva, F J; Pinheiro, J S; Martins, D J

Abstract: This study presents diverse correlations used to predict Pumps-as-Turbines (PAT)-pumps operating point, based on results from direct mode of pump operation. In order to ascertain accuracy of correlations, flow in the pump is computed for direct (pump) and reverse (turbine) operating modes. Accuracy of computations is checked by comparing RANS (Reynolds-Averaged Navier-Stokes) results with experiments for direct mode. A new approach is proposed for PAT power plant design based on a constant head, instead of traditional operation, in constant flow rate. A full PAT characteristic curve map can be obtained using numerical computation.

Page(s): 144-148