NISCAIR Online Periodicals Repository Collection: IJCT Vol.17(1) [January 2010]

Effect of cooking conditions and oxygen-delignification on Bambusa tulda kraft pulping

Title: Effect of cooking conditions and oxygen-delignification on Bambusa tulda kraft pulping

Authors: Rahmati, Hayedeh; Ebrahimi, Pouneh; Sedghi, Mehrdad

Abstract: Bamboo is a fast growing non-wood plant with long and thin fibers. Therefore, it has potential as a raw material for pulping and papermaking. In this work, the effects of alkali charge and sulfidity on the kappa number, yield and viscosity were investigated in a bamboo kraft pulping process before and after O₂-delignification. The results indicated that higher alkali charge can get higher residual alkali and lower yield, kappa number and viscosity. Higher sulfidity can conclude higher viscosity and lower yield, residual alkali and kappa number.

Page(s): 74-77

Oxalic acid catalyzed solvent-free synthesis of -amidoalkyl-β-naphthols

Title: Oxalic acid catalyzed solvent-free synthesis of -amidoalkyl-β-naphthols

Authors: Ansari, Siddique Akber M K; Sangshetti, Jaiprakash N; Kokare, Nagnnath D; Wakte, Pravin S; Shinde, Devanand B

Abstract: An efficient one-pot synthesis of -amidoalkyl-β-naphthols is described. This involves the three-component reaction of β-naphthol, aromatic aldehydes and amide or urea in the presence of a catalytic amount of oxalic acid under solvent-free conditions

Page(s): 71-73

Bio-soda pulping of lignocellulosic residues of palma rosa grass: An attempt towards energy conversion

Title: Bio-soda pulping of lignocellulosic residues of palma rosa grass: An attempt towards energy conversion

Authors: Dutt, Dharm; Tyagi, C H; Agnihotri, S; Kumar, A; Siddarth

Abstract: The lignocellulosic residues (LCR) of Cymbopogon martini after steam distillation had 13.6% lignin, 74.4% holocellulose and 25.4% pentosan. Phanerochaete chrysosporium degraded 30.11% of lignin, 62.25% of pentosan and 18.60% of holocellulose of the original value of LCR of C. martini after 28 days at 40°C in solid-state culture with a higher in vitro dry matter digestibility. The steam distillation and Phanerocheate chrysosporium treatment of LCR of C. martini abated the mass transfer problem and facilitated the faster penetration of cooking liquor. The pulp yield was mitigated by 0.63% with insignificant decrease in kappa number and 0.81% with 1.32 units decrease in kappa number for bio-soda and bio-soda-O₂ pulping processes respectively when cooked at 11% alkali dose compared to soda pulping (active alkali14%) with a saving of 3% cooking chemicals.

Page(s): 60-70

Studies on thermal upgrading of South Arcot lignite and its combustion behaviour

Title: Studies on thermal upgrading of South Arcot lignite and its combustion behaviour

Authors: Adak, Ashis Kumar; Mukherjee, Joy; Sarkar, Abhijit

Abstract: The utilization of high moisture, high volatile low rank coals such as lignite is gaining importance day by day to meet the growing demands of coal for the energy sectors. Lignitic coals give up their moisture more slowly than harder coals, but the higher volatile content tends to offset the effect of high moisture. For the combustion of pulverized material it appears essential to dry lignite. Further, lowest possible ash and moisture as well as high heat content are desired for combustion. The present work gives the details of the preparation of a product of higher calorific value by thermal treatment of South Arcot Neyveli lignite. De-oxygenation via de-carboxylation gave a product with an increased heat value and higher reactivity towards oxygen. Various thermal parameters derived from thermogravimetry (TG) and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) of raw and product lignite have been compared for the evaluation of combustion performance. Proximate, ultimate, FT-IR data and specific energy values (CV) are presented.

Page(s): 56-59