http://nopr.niscair.res.in/handle/123456789/5166 Search the Channel search http://nopr.niscair.res.in/simple-search http://nopr.niscair.res.in/handle/123456789/5741 Title: Nanotechnology and pharmaceutical inhalation aerosols <br/> <br/>Authors: Patel, A R; Vavia, P R <br/> <br/>Abstract: Pharmaceutical inhalation aerosols have been playing a crucial role in the health and well being of millions of people throughout the world for many years. The technology’s continual advancement, the ease of use and the more desirable pulmonary-rather-than-needle delivery for systemic drugs has increased the attraction for the pharmaceutical aerosol in recent years. But administration of drugs by the pulmonary route is technically challenging because oral deposition can be high, and variations in inhalation technique can affect the quantity of drug delivered to the lungs. Recent advances in nanotechnology, particularly drug delivery field have encouraged formulation scientists to expand their reach in solving tricky problems related to drug delivery. Moreover, application of nanotechnology to aerosol science has opened up a new category of pharmaceutical aerosols (collectively known as nanoenabled-aerosols) with added advantages and effectiveness. In this review, some of the latest approaches of nano-enabled aerosol drug delivery system (including nano-suspension, trojan particles, bioadhesive nanoparticles and smart particle aerosols) that can be employed successfully to overcome problems of conventional aerosol systems have been introduced. <br/> <br/>Page(s): 166-174 http://nopr.niscair.res.in/handle/123456789/5690 Title: Protective effect of hesperidin on nicotine induced toxicity in rats <br/> <br/>Authors: Balakrishnan, Annida; Menon, Venugopal P <br/> <br/>Abstract: Nicotine administration (2.5 mg/kg of body weight, sc, 5 days a week for 22 weeks) enhanced lipid peroxidative indices (thiobarbituric acid reactive substances and hydroperoxides) accompanied by a significant increase in the marker enzymes alanine transaminase, aspartate transaminase, alkaline phosphatase and lactate dehydrogenase and elevated levels of cholesterol, triglycerides, phospholipids and free fatty acids in Wistar rats. There was a significant protection by hesperidin administration at different doses (25, 50, 75, 100 and 150 mg/kg body weight) in nicotine-treated rats. However, the effect of hesperidin was more significant at 25mg/kg dose. The results suggest that hesperidin exerts the protective effects by modulating the extent of lipid peroxidation. The results are supported by histopathological observations of lung, liver and kidney. <br/> <br/>Page(s): 194-202 http://nopr.niscair.res.in/handle/123456789/5688 Title: Neuroprotective effects of vitamin E in cold induced cerebral injury in guinea pigs <br/> <br/>Authors: Badhe, Prerna; Thorat, Jayant; Diyora, Batuk D; Mamidanna, Ravikrishna; Sayal, Parag; Badhe, Suvarna; Sharma, Alok K <br/> <br/>Abstract: Significant reduction in hemorrhage (10 v/s 13), necrosis (2 v/s 4), cavitations (7 v/s 13), neuronal degeneration, perivascular and parenchymal inflammatory infiltrate (7 v/s 11) were observed in Vitamin E treated cold induced head injury in guinea pigs, evaluated post injury using the modified Benderson’s scale. The results suggest that Vitamin E is highly effective in promoting clinical and histopathological recovery in cold induced head injury in guinea pigs. <br/> <br/>Page(s): 180-184 http://nopr.niscair.res.in/handle/123456789/5237 Title: Evaluation of immune response to bovine rotavirus following oral and intraperitoneal inoculation in mice <br/> <br/>Authors: Rathi, Ravinder; Kadian, S K; Khurana, Bharat; Grover, Y P; Gulati, B R <br/> <br/>Abstract: <smarttagtype namespaceuri="urn:schemas-microsoft-com:office:smarttags" name="country-region"><smarttagtype namespaceuri="urn:schemas-microsoft-com:office:smarttags" name="place"> With a view to use mice as an experimental model for studying immune response to bovine rotavirus (BRV), the kinetics of humoral and cellular immune responses to BRV in mice were evaluated by immunizing through intraperitoneal and oral route with UK strain of BRV. Following immunization with BRV, anti-rotavirus antibodies was developed in mice. The mean log antibody titres as measured by ELISA in mice immunized by intraperitoneal route were significantly higher than those immunized by oral route. Significant cellular immune response was observed in BRV-immunized mice on stimulation with BRV antigen, as measured by lymphocyte proliferation assay. The thymidine uptake by splenic and mesenteric lymph-node cells of intraperitoneally immunized mice on stimulation with BRV was 21328±1225 and 739±55 CPM, respectively. The splenic cells showed significantly higher stimulation (stimulation index 12.98) as compared to those of mesenteric cells (stimulation index 1.57). Foot pad inoculation test showed maximum virus-specific delayed type hypersensitivity reaction at 24 hr post-challenge following primary immunization and at 18 hr post-challenge following secondary immunization. The results indicate that BRV immunization by intraperitoneal route generates more efficient immune response in mice than by oral route and this route may be used for immune response studies involving BRV infection. </smarttagtype></smarttagtype> <br/> <br/>Page(s): 212-216