http://nopr.niscair.res.in/handle/123456789/5034 Search the Channel search http://nopr.niscair.res.in/simple-search http://nopr.niscair.res.in/handle/123456789/5047 Title: Physical mapping of rRNA gene in endangered fish <i style="">Osteobrama belangeri</i> (Valenciennes, 1844) (Family: Cyprinidae) <br/> <br/>Authors: Kumar, Ravindra; Kushwaha, B; Nagpure, N S; Behera, B K; Srivastava, S K; Lakra, W S <br/> <br/>Abstract: Physical mapping of the 18S ribosomal RNA gene (rDNA) was carried out by fluorescent <i style="">in situ</i> hybridization (FISH) in the endangered freshwater fish <i style="">O. belangeri</i>. The specimens were collected from Imphal valley, Manipur, India and metaphase chromosome preparation was made using standard hypotonic treatment, methanol-acetic acid fixation and flame-drying technique followed by Giemsa, silver, CMA₃ staining for complete cytogenetic characterization of the species. The diploid chromosome number was found to be 50 and the karyotype composed of 6m+16sm+12st+16t (FN=72). One active rDNA site, located on short arm of 3^rd submetacentric chromosome, was mapped by FISH and confirmed by silver and CMA₃ staining. The karyomorphology, chromosomal location of rDNA loci in this species and the utility of these cytogenetic markers have been discussed in the paper. <br/> <br/>Page(s): 597-601 http://nopr.niscair.res.in/handle/123456789/5046 Title: Antihyperglycemic and antioxidative potential of hydroalcoholic extract of <i style="">Butea monosperma</i> Lam flowers in alloxan-induced diabetic mice <br/> <br/>Authors: Sharma, Nidhi; Garg, Veena <br/> <br/>Abstract: Daily treatment of alloxan-induced diabetic animals with 50% ethanolic extract of <i style="">B. monosperma</i> flowers (BMEE) for 45 days significantly lowered blood glucose level thereby preventing steep onset of hyperglycemia which was observed after alloxan administration and maintained body weight and blood glucose level close to the values observed in normal control and glibenclamide-treated diabetic mice. Moreover, the level of serum total cholesterol, triglyceride, low-density lipoprotein and very low-density lipoprotein cholesterol were also lowered, whereas the level of high-density lipoprotein cholesterol, which was reduced in untreated diabetic animals, was significantly elevated.<span style="color: rgb(41, 37, 38);"> Oxidative damage in the liver, pancreas and kidneys of diabetic mice as evidenced by a marked increment in the level of thiobarbituric acid reactive substances and also a distinct diminution in glutathione content was nullified by BMEE. Activities of antioxidant enzymes were also assessed in all the experimental groups. These enzymes registered a decline in their activity in diabetic animals thus revealing the damaging effects of free radicals generated due to alloxan exposure but their activities were reverted towards near normal range in BMEE-administered mice thus indicating the antioxidant efficacy of the drug in resisting oxidative damage. </span> <br/> <br/>Page(s): 571-576 http://nopr.niscair.res.in/handle/123456789/5045 Title: Mutation of <i style="">Alternaria tenuissima </i>FCBP-252 for hyper-active <img src='/image/spc_char/alpha.gif'> -amylase <br/> <br/>Authors: Shafique, Sobiya; Bajwa, Rukhsana; Shafique, Shazia <br/> <br/>Abstract: <smarttagtype namespaceuri="urn:schemas-microsoft-com:office:smarttags" name="place" downloadurl="http://www.5iantlavalamp.com/"> Production of extracellular α-amylase enzyme by a filamentous fungus, <i style="">Alternaria tenuissima</i> was studied in solid-state fermentation (SSF) as well as submerged fermentation (SmF). The potential strain was successfully mutated by UV and ethyl methanesulfonate (EMS). High-level of <img src='/image/spc_char/alpha.gif'> -amylase activity was obtained by the mutant At-Ch-5.6 (76.75 Units mL^-1) after chemical treatment followed by UV mutant At-UV-2.8 (63.12 Units mL^-1) which was significantly higher than parental <i style="">A. tenuissima </i>FCBP-252 (32 Units mL^-1). These mutants with high levels of activity were genetically characterized using RAPD-PCR. Expression pattern of mutants exhibited that the mutants were isogenic variants of parent strain and out-performance of the mutants could be attributed to change in genetic make up. This work represented the first report of strain improvement in <i style="">Alternaria </i>for hyper activity of <img src='/image/spc_char/alpha.gif'> –amylase enzyme and suggested that this fungus could be used to extract purified enzyme. </smarttagtype> <br/> <br/>Page(s): 591-596 http://nopr.niscair.res.in/handle/123456789/5044 Title: Antioxidant and hepatoprotective activities of <i style="">Ocimum basilicum<b style=""> </b></i>Linn.<b style=""><i style=""> </i></b>and <i style="">Trigonella foenum-graecum<b style=""> </b></i>Linn. against H₂O₂ and CCl₄ induced hepatotoxicity in goat liver <br/> <br/>Authors: Meera, R; Devi, P; Kameswari, B; Madhumitha, B; Merlin, N J <br/> <br/>Abstract: Significant hepatoprotective effects were obtained by ethanolic extract of leaves of <i style="">O.basilicum and T. foenum-graecum</i> against liver damage induced by H₂O₂ and CCl₄ as evidenced by decreased levels of antioxidant enzymes (enzymatic and non enzymatic). The extract also showed significant anti lipid peroxidation effects <i style="">in vitro,</i> besides exhibiting significant activity in superoxide radical and nitric oxide radical scavenging, indicating their potent antioxidant effects. <br/> <br/>Page(s): 584-590