http://nopr.niscair.res.in/handle/123456789/4978 Search the Channel search http://nopr.niscair.res.in/simple-search http://nopr.niscair.res.in/handle/123456789/5156 Title: Advances in monitoring and state estimation of bioreactors <br/> <br/>Authors: Venkateswarlu, Ch. <br/> <br/>Abstract: The need to operate bioreactors in an efficient manner is becoming more relevant in today’s environment of changing process technology and increasing market competition. Better monitoring and control of bioreactors require reliable real-time available process variable information, while many of the important bioprocess variables cannot be measured on-line. On-line estimation of unknown bioprocess variables and incorporation of such variable information in process operation and control strategies can provide improved control performance with enhanced productivity. Bioprocess state estimation is thus an essential component to integrate with the process systems engineering tools such as, advanced process control, fault detection and diagnosis. This paper reviews the developments in state and parameters estimation of bioreactors from on-line monitoring and control perspective. <br/> <br/>Page(s): 491-498 http://nopr.niscair.res.in/handle/123456789/5154 Title: Development of specialty papers is an art: Paper cups base paper from indigenous raw materials─ Part XIV <br/> <br/>Authors: Dutt, Dharm; Upadhyay, J S; Tyagi, C H; Swarnima; Upadhyay, M K <br/> <br/>Abstract: Heavy weight base paper for paper cups was manufactured from bleached hardwood and softwood chemical pulps. It is highly specialized paper used extensively for manufacturing of paper cups used for various liquid packaging, such as milk and juice packaging. It does not require addition of dye, optical whitening agent and filler during stock preparation. Bleached mill pulp comprised <i style="">Populus deltoids</i>, <i style="">Eucalyptus tereticornis</i> and bamboo (85:10:05) blended with softwood pulp to attain certain level of mechanical strength and stiffness. In order to minimize cracking tendency during formation of rim at the mouth of paper cups stretch is the most important property. However, purity and cleanliness are the utmost requirements if food items are packed. The laboratory made hand sheets compared favourably with specifications prescribed by leading manufacturers of paper cups <br/> <br/>Page(s): 443-446 http://nopr.niscair.res.in/handle/123456789/5152 Title: Development of specialty papers is an art: Seed germination paper from indigenous raw materials─ Part XIII <br/> <br/>Authors: Dutt, Dharm; Lal, Mohan; Malik, R S; Upadhyay, M K <br/> <br/>Abstract: A furnish ratio (1:1) of mill pulp having poplar, eucalyptus and bamboo (75:20:05) and softwood is found suitable for manufacturing of seed germination paper. For such paper, water klemn, COP, wet strength, and toxicity tests are the most important properties. The paper should not contain pernicious materials, which can inhibit the growth of roots and plumules of germinating seedlings. However, paper should contain certain chemicals to check the growth of fungi and bacteria but not suppress the disease organisms and growth of seedlings during seed germination test. Calcium hypochlorite dose (7%) is found suitable to clear toxicity test in the laboratory. The laboratory made hand sheets, when compared with specifications prescribed by leading manufacturers of germination paper and BIS specifications, were found promising. <br/> <br/>Page(s): 440-442 http://nopr.niscair.res.in/handle/123456789/5149 Title: Complexity reduction in fuzzy modeling of fan-coil unit of HVAC system <br/> <br/>Authors: Singh, Jagdev; Singh, Nirmal; Sharma, J K <br/> <br/>Abstract: In this paper, methods based on similarity analysis that can be applied to fuzzy models in order to obtain models of reduced complexity and qualitative properties depending on the purpose of the modeling exercise have been presented. The application of fuzzy modeling technique to fan-coil unit of an HVAC system has shown that the originally obtained model can be strongly reduced, allowing for qualitative interpretation, and faster computations, without deteriorating the prediction accuracy. <br/> <br/>Page(s): 420-425