http://nopr.niscair.res.in/handle/123456789/4735 Search the Channel search http://nopr.niscair.res.in/simple-search http://nopr.niscair.res.in/handle/123456789/4895 Title: PCT System and Its Impact on the Developing Countries <br/> <br/>Authors: Ranjan, Rajeev <br/> <br/>Abstract: <smarttagtype namespaceuri="urn:schemas-microsoft-com:office:smarttags" name="country-region"><smarttagtype namespaceuri="urn:schemas-microsoft-com:office:smarttags" name="place"> Protection and enforcement of intellectual property rights (IPR) are major components of international economic trade and scientific cooperation, and the Patent Cooperation Treaty (PCT) has ushered an era of international cooperation in the diverse international property systems with reference to patents. The paper discusses about the benefits of the PCT system under which the filing of one international patent application leads to protection in several countries. Emergence of PCT system and its benefits, e.g. long term gains, availability of best technology, faster industrial progress and development, increase in the foreign direct investment (FDI), and raising the level of patent work in the country, are discussed in detail. The developing and the least developed countries have also benefited from the PCT and account for the majority of the 117 members. Among the developing countries, India has also gained substantially and holds the third position in international filing of patent applications and the Council of Scientific & Industrial Research (CSIR) is second to Biowindow Gene Development Inc from China. The paper also discusses briefly about the PCT reforms and automation to make the system more useful and beneficial. </smarttagtype></smarttagtype> <br/> <br/>Page(s): 50-57 http://nopr.niscair.res.in/handle/123456789/4894 Title: Use of Copyright by Open Source Software Movement on Computer Software and its Implications <br/> <br/>Authors: Madhavan, Mahesh <br/> <br/>Abstract: <smarttagtype namespaceuri="urn:schemas-microsoft-com:office:smarttags" name="country-region"><smarttagtype namespaceuri="urn:schemas-microsoft-com:office:smarttags" name="place"> Open source software and the movement behind it, the Open Source Software Movement unknown to many has been in existence since long. Discussed in the article is this concept with relevance to the software industry. The US statutes on intellectual property law provide the backdrop of discussion, for this is where the movement, the organizations and the forefathers behind the fostering of the movement owe their origin. Through this article, some of the licensing schemes under open sourcing, which have turned out to be the buzzwords in the computer software industry are also brought into limelight. A look into how the movement assists in the development of the software industry and the long-term implications, the movement could pose for the copyright protection of computer software, are also considered. <b style=""></b> </smarttagtype></smarttagtype> <br/> <br/>Page(s): 32-49 http://nopr.niscair.res.in/handle/123456789/4893 Title: Copyright Law in the Changing World <br/> <br/>Authors: Saha, Tusar Kanti <br/> <br/>Abstract: Paper dwells at length on evolution of copyright law and its basic principles. It examines concept of originality in the law and raises the issue on the conflict between patent and copyright protection of software. <br/> <br/>Page(s): 23-31 http://nopr.niscair.res.in/handle/123456789/4892 Title: Issues Relating to the Patentability of Biotechnological Subject Matter in Indian Agriculture <br/> <br/>Authors: Gahukar, R T <br/> <br/>Abstract: <smarttagtype namespaceuri="urn:schemas-microsoft-com:office:smarttags" name="country-region"><smarttagtype namespaceuri="urn:schemas-microsoft-com:office:smarttags" name="place"> In recent years, biotechnology played a major role in advancing the agricultural research in India. Likewise, the farmers’ rights and plant breeders’ rights have received attention of the policy makers, research organizations and development agencies. The recombinant DNA based technology (e.g. genetically modified crops) and trait-genetic use restriction technologies (e.g., terminator, verminator and traitor genes) have been employed as a part of biotechnology by public and private institutions and genetically modified crops are available for commercial exploitation. Considering present social, economical and ethical situation in India, more period would be necessary to avail advantages offered by the GATT/WTO agreement signed by the government although patent laws have been changed under TRIPS regime and quantitative restrictions for agricultural inputs have been removed. </smarttagtype></smarttagtype> <br/> <br/>Page(s): 9-22