NISCAIR Online Periodicals Repository Collection: IJCT Vol.19(5) [September 2012]

A novel softener of calico based on biscationic surfactant

Title: A novel softener of calico based on biscationic surfactant

Authors: Miao, Zongcheng; Wang, Lei; Zhao, Yuzhen; Liang, Pengxia; Yang, Jianzhou

Abstract: Cationic surfactants derivatives using as softener of calico containing bisquaternary ammonium salt have been synthesized. Epichlorohydrin and N-octadecyldimethylamine have been used to synthesize cationic surfactant 2-hydroxy-1, 3-dis (chlorideoctadecyldimethylammonium) propane (HBOCP). The prepared surfactant is then analyzed using FTIR measurements and ¹H-NMR spectra. The critical micelle concentration, foamability and foam stability of HBOCP are determined using standard tools of analysis. The minimum inhibitory concentration of HBOCP to Escherichia coli is found to be 75 ppm, Staphylococcus aureus is immune to bisquaternary ammonium salt cationic surfactant. HBOCP shows better softening property compared to the pristine cotton fabric. The average softness of calico increases from 96 mN to 63 mN after treating by 0.1wt% HBOCP.

Page(s): 371-374

Use of an effluent for enhanced oil recovery

Title: Use of an effluent for enhanced oil recovery

Authors: Gogoi, Subrata Borgohain; Das, Borkha Mech

Abstract: This paper reports the effect of using black liquor and spent sulfite liquors, which emanate as effluent from Nowgong Paper Mill, Jagiroad, Assam, in enhanced crude oil recovery from Naharkotiya porous media. An attempt has been made to study the effect of interfacial tension of black liquor and how it affects the recovery of crude oil from the porous rock of Naharkotiya reservoir of Oil India Limited, Duliajan, Assam. The main constituent of black liquor is Na-lignosulfonate, an anionic water soluble surfactant. Addition of Na-lignosulfonate to crude oil emulsions gives rise to ultra-low inter-facial tensions between the oil and the aqueous phase, which are very much in demand in enhanced oil recovery projects. Reduction of interfacial tension leads to the release of residual oil droplets from the capillaries in the porous media, thereby increasing substantially the amount of petroleum obtainable from a given porous media.

Page(s): 366-370

Studies on defects in galvanized coating on steel wire

Title: Studies on defects in galvanized coating on steel wire

Authors: Singh, J K; Singh, D D N

Abstract: Causes for deposition of defective galvanized coating (lumpy deposition of coating during hot dip galvanizing) of carbon-steel wire have been investigated. It is established that the lumpy deposition is caused due to segregation of silicon on the surface of steel wire. Due to this change in composition of the steel at surface, the regions get modified and lie in Sandelin hyper reactive zone. This accelerates reaction of steel with molten zinc in those localized regions of the surface and leads to formation of lumpy deposition of zinc. Scanning electron microscopy, energy dispersive X- ray analysis and Raman spectroscopy of lumpy wire (LW) and normal wire (NW) coatings confirm the presence of silicon bearing phases present in the LW coating. It is observed that due to localized high concentration of silicon on steel surface, a diffused and porous zeta layer instead of normal compact delta and zeta layers is formed. Thus, incoherent deposition of zinc layers occurs on steel surface. In order to control this problem, it is suggested to maintain silicon equivalent in the steel below 0.04 wt% and conduct flash pickling of wires in oxidizing acid to dissolve silicon rich phases.

Page(s): 361-365

Estimation of Fe(III) using ⁵⁹Fe and acetylacetone by substoichiometric isotope -dilution analysis

Title: Estimation of Fe(III) using ⁵⁹Fe and acetylacetone by substoichiometric isotope -dilution analysis

Authors: Bag, Madhumita; Chattopadhyay, Pabitra; Basu, Sukalyan

Abstract: A highly precise and rapid method for the quantitative estimation of iron traces by substoichiometric isotope dilution analysis has been described. The method involves the extraction of spiked (⁵⁹Fe) iron(III) with substoichiometric amounts of acetylacetone into chloroform at pH 2.0. The proposed method is free from interferences of various closely related foreign ions, thereby establishing the selectivity of the proposed technique. The present method has also been applied to different certified alloys without any pre-separation and the trace quantities of iron are successfully evaluated.

Page(s): 357-360

NISCAIR Online Periodicals Repository Collection: IJCT Vol.19(5) [September 2012]

A novel softener of calico based on biscationic surfactant

Use of an effluent for enhanced oil recovery

Studies on defects in galvanized coating on steel wire

Estimation of Fe(III) using 59Fe and acetylacetone by substoichiometric isotope -dilution analysis

Estimation of Fe(III) using ⁵⁹Fe and acetylacetone by substoichiometric isotope -dilution analysis