http://nopr.niscair.res.in/handle/123456789/13818 Search the Channel search http://nopr.niscair.res.in/simple-search http://nopr.niscair.res.in/handle/123456789/13845 Title: Effect of sodium fluoride and magnesium chloride on different hydroxyproline fractions in rat liver <br/> <br/>Authors: Siddiqi, N J <br/> <br/>Abstract: Sodium fluoride (NaF) is used for prevention of caries in the form of fluoridated drinking water, fluoride tablets etc. In the present study, the effect of NaF-induced alterations in hydroxyproline (Hyp) and collagen was investigated in rat liver. The effect of pretreatment with MgCl₂ on NaF-induced changes in liver Hyp and collagen was also studied. The NaF treatment at 5, 10 and 20 mg/kg body wt (reported LD₅₀ of NaF being 24 mg/kg body wt through intraperitoneal route) caused a significant decrease in free Hyp (P<0.05), when compared to control rats. The rats treated with 20 mg/kg body wt of NaF showed a significant increase in protein-bound Hyp (P<0.001), as compared to control group, while of NaF treatment at 5 and 10 mg/kg body wt caused no significant change in protein-bound Hyp. All the doses of NaF had no significant effect on peptide-bound and total Hyp and total collagen. Treatment of with MgCl₂ alone (30 mg/kg body wt) or with NaF (10 mg/kg body wt) caused a significant decrease in free Hyp (P<0.05). MgCl₂ alone and with NaF caused a significant increase (P<0.05) in total collagen content. Thus, the present study demonstrated that NaF had no significant effect on total Hyp and collagen, indicating that its use in various products may not interfere with the liver collagen. <br/> <br/>Page(s): 130-133 http://nopr.niscair.res.in/handle/123456789/13844 Title: <i style="">In vitro</i> antioxidant activity of banana (<i>Musa</i><i style=""> </i>spp. ABB<i style=""> cv. </i>Pisang Awak) <br/> <br/>Authors: Darsini, D Teepica Priya; Maheshu, V; Vishnupriya, M; Sasikumar, J M <br/> <br/>Abstract: The methanolic extract of <i>Musa </i>ABB<i> cv </i>Pisang Awak was investigated for the polyphenolic contents and antioxidant activity. The total phenol and flavonoid contents of the fruit extract were found to be 120 mg gallic acid equivalents (GAE) and 440 mg quercetin equivalents (QE)/100 g of sample dry weight, respectively. The antioxidant activity of the Pisang Awak methanol extract (PAME) (20-500 µg/ml) was determined using 1,1-diphenyl-2-picryl hydrazyl (DPPH) radical scavenging activity, reducing capacity, 2-2’-azinobis-3-ethylbenzothiozoline-6-sulfonic acid (ABTS) radical cation decolourization and hydroxyl radical scavenging capacity (OH·).<b style=""> </b>The EC₅₀ values of DPPH, ABTS and OH· activities of the PAME and butylated hydroxy toluene (BHT) were found to be 65 and 9 µg/ml, 29 and 6 µg/ml, 36 and 42 µg/ml respectively. The reducing capacity increased with increasing concentration (31.5-1000 mg/ml) of the fruit extract and the activity was comparable with the standard BHT. The high performance thin layer chromatography (HPTLC) analysis of the extract revealed the presence of polyphenols. The strong and positive correlations were obtained between total phenol/flavonoid contents (R² = 0.693-1.0) and free radical scavenging ability was attributed to the polyphenols as the major antioxidants. <br/> <br/>Page(s): 124-129 http://nopr.niscair.res.in/handle/123456789/13843 Title: Carbohydrate content and antioxidative potential of the seed of three edible indica rice (<i style="">Oryza sativa</i> L.) cultivars <br/> <br/>Authors: Basu, Supratim; Roychoudhury, Aryadeep; Sanyal, Saptadwipa; Sengupta, Dibyendu N <br/> <br/>Abstract: Rice (<i style="">Oryza sativa</i> L.) grains or seeds are known to lose much of their nutrient and antioxidant contents, following polishing. The current study was undertaken to evaluate and compare the carbohydrate content and antioxidant parameters in the unpolished and polished seeds of three edible indica rice cultivars, namely Swarna (SW), the most popular indica rice cultivar in India and aromatic or scented cultivars Gobindobhog (GB) and Pusa Basmati (PB). While both the sucrose and starch content was the maximum in PB seeds (both unpolished and polished), the amylose content was the highest in SW polished seeds. SW polished seeds were superior as compared to GB and PB cultivars in terms of total antioxidant capacity, DPPH radical scavenging and Fe(II) chelation potential, as well as the highest lipoxygenase (LOX) inhibition or H₂O₂ scavenging potential, probably due to the maximum accumulation of total phenolics and flavonoids, the two important antioxidants. The reducing power ability was, however, identical in both SW and GB polished seeds. The PB polished seeds were more potent in superoxide and hydroxyl scavenging, whereas GB in nitric oxide (NO) scavenging. The common observation noted after polishing of seeds was the reduction in the level of carbohydrates and antioxidant potential, though the extent of reduction varied in the three cultivars. The only exception was GB, where there was no alteration in NO scavenging potential even after polishing. Our study showed the better performance of SW polished seeds with respect to higher amylose content and majority of the tested parameters governing antioxidant capacity and radical scavenging potential, thus highlighting the greater dietary significance of SW over the other two cultivars. <br/> <br/>Page(s): 115-123 http://nopr.niscair.res.in/handle/123456789/13842 Title: Purification and some properties of rose (<i style="">Fructus cynosbati)</i> hips invertase <br/> <br/>Authors: Sacan, Ozlem; Yanardag, Refiye <br/> <br/>Abstract: Invertase was purified from rose (<i style="">Fructus cynosbati</i>) hips by ammonium sulfate fractionation and hydroxyapatite column chromatography. The enzyme was obtained with a yield of 4.25% and about 10.48-fold purification and had a specific activity of 8.59 U/mg protein. The molecular mass of invertase was estimated to be 66.51 kDa by PAGE and 34 kDa by SDS-PAGE, indicating that the native enzyme was a homodimer. The enzyme was a glycoprotein and contained 5.86% carbohydrate. The <i style="">K_m</i> for sucrose was 14.55 mM and the optimum <i style="">p</i>H and temperature of the enzyme were 4.5 and 40°C, respectively. Sucrose was the most preferred substrate of the enzyme. The enzyme also hydrolyzed D(+) raffinose, D(+) trehalose and inulin (activity 39.88,<b style=""> </b>8.12 and 4.94%, respectively of that of sucrose), while D(+) lactose, cellobiose and D(+) maltose showed no effect on the enzyme. The substrate specificity was consistent with that for a β-fructofuranoside, which is the most popular type in the higher plants. The enzyme was completely inhibited by HgCl₂, MnCl₂, MnSO₄, FeCl₃, Pb(NO₃)₂, ammonium heptamolybdate, iodoacetamide and pyridoxine hydrochloride. It was also inhibited by Ba(NO₃)₂ (86.32%), NH₄Cl (84.91%), MgCl₂(74.45%), urea (71.63%), I₂ (69.64%),LiCl (64.99%), BaCl₂ (50.30%), Mg(NO₃)₂(49.90%), CrCl₃ (31.90%)andCuSO₄(21.45%) and but was activated by Tris (73.99%) and methionine (12.47%). <br/> <br/>Page(s): 109-114