http://nopr.niscair.res.in/handle/123456789/11384 Search the Channel search http://nopr.niscair.res.in/simple-search http://nopr.niscair.res.in/handle/123456789/11395 Title: A sensitive and specific ES-31 antigen detection based fluorometric assay for confirmation of <i style="">Mycobacterium tuberculosis</i> in<i style=""> </i>cell<i style=""> </i>culture <br/> <br/>Authors: Majumdar, Anindita; Wankhade, Gauri; Kamble, Pranita D; Joshi, Deepti; Harinath, B C <br/> <br/>Abstract: Confirmation of presence of <i style="">M. tuberculosis</i> bacilli on microscopic examination is very important in diagnosis of tuberculosis. The present study was undertaken to find the usefulness of mycobacterial ES-31 serine protease as a marker to detect tuberculosis bacilli using fluorescein isothiocyanate conjugated anti-ES-31 serine protease antibody. This immunofluorescence method was compared with Ziehl-Neelsen and auramine-O staining methods for detection of tuberculosis bacilli. Slides were prepared for each serially diluted tuberculosis H₃₇Ra bacilli (1×10⁷ bacilli/ml to 5bacilli/ml). Slides for each dilution group were stained by ZN method, auramine-O and immunostaining methods using fluorescein isothiocyanate conjugated anti-ES-31 serine protease antibody. ZN staining method showed efficacy for detection of <i style="">M. tuberculosis</i> H₃₇Ra upto 1×10⁴ bacilli/ml while auramine-O method showed upto 1×10² bacilli/ml. The presence of bacilli was indicated by green fluorescence on immunostaining using anti-ES-31 antibody conjugate and this method was effective upto 10 bacilli/ml. The slides which were negative for ZN (1×10³ cells/ml) and auramine-O (100 cells/ml) method showed positivity on restaining with immunofluorescent staining method. The results of this preliminary study showed that immunofluorescent staining method using specific anti-ES-31 antibody conjugate was more sensitive for detection of tuberculosis bacilli than ZN and auramine-O methods in samples of laboratory strain. The utility of this method will be studied further in clinical specimens. <br/> <br/>Page(s): 304-306 http://nopr.niscair.res.in/handle/123456789/11394 Title: Response of multiple herbicide resistant strain of diazotrophic cyanobacterium, <i>Anabaena</i><i style=""> variabilis</i>, exposed to atrazine and DCMU <br/> <br/>Authors: Singh, Surendra; Datta, Pallavi; Tirkey, Archna <br/> <br/>Abstract: Effect of two photosynthetic inhibitor herbicides, atrazine (both purified and formulated) and [3-(3,4-dichlorophenyl)-1,1-dimethyl urea] (DCMU), on the growth, macromolecular contents, heterocyst frequency, photosynthetic O₂ evolution and dark O₂ uptake of wild type and multiple herbicide resistant (MHR) strain of diazotrophic cyanobacterium <i style="">A. variabilis</i> was studied. Cyanobacterial strains showed gradual inhibition in growth with increasing dosage of herbicides. Both wild type and MHR strain tolerated < 6.0 mg L^-1 of atrazine (purified), < 2.0 mg L^-1 of atrazine (formulated) and < 0.4 mg L^-1 of DCMU indicating similar level of herbicide tolerance. Atrazine (pure) (8.0 mg L^-1) and 4.0 mg L^-1of atrazine (formulated) were growth inhibitory concentrations (lethal) for both wild type and MHR strain indicating formulated atrazine was more toxic than the purified form. Comparatively lower concentrations of DCMU were found to be lethal for wild type and MHR strain, respectively. Thus, between the two herbicides tested DCMU was more growth toxic than atrazine. At sublethal dosages of herbicides, photosynthetic O₂ evolution showed highest inhibition followed by chlorophyll <i style="">a</i>, phycobhiliproteins and heterocyst differentiation as compared to carotenoid, protein and respiratory O₂ uptake. <br/> <br/>Page(s): 298-303 http://nopr.niscair.res.in/handle/123456789/11393 Title: Bioemulsifier production by <i style="">Streptomyces </i>sp. S22 isolated from garden soil <br/> <br/>Authors: Maniyar, Javed P; Doshi, Dhawal V; Bhuyan, Smita S; Mujumdar, Shilpa S <br/> <br/>Abstract: Out of 45 actinomycetes isolated from garden soil, pond water and air; fifteen showed good emulsification activity. <i style="">Streptomyces</i> sp. S22 isolated from garden soil produced maximum bioemulsifier with 0.5% (v/v) sunflower oil during stationary phase at 37°C, <i style="">p</i>H 6 and 250 rev/min. Emulsification activity was maximum (320 EU/ml) with sunflower oil as substrate. Partially purified bioemulsifier from <i style="">Streptomyces</i> sp. S22 was a peptidoglycolipid containing lipid (51.25%), protein (30%), non-reducing sugar (17.75%) and reducing sugar (1%). The yield of partially purified bioemulsifier was 1.6 g/l and reduced the surface tension of water by 23.09 mN/m. The bioemulsifier produced by <i style="">Streptomyces</i> sp. S22 was stable at room temperature for seven days. <br/> <br/>Page(s): 293-297 http://nopr.niscair.res.in/handle/123456789/11392 Title: Hepatoprotective action of ethanolic extracts of <i style="">Melia azedarach</i> Linn. and <i style="">Piper longum</i> Linn and their combination on CCl₄ induced hepatotoxicity in rats <br/> <br/>Authors: Rajeswary, H; Vasuki, R; Samudram, P; Geetha, A <br/> <br/>Abstract: A comparison of analysis in evaluating the hepatoprotective action of ethanolic extract of <i style="">M. azedarach</i> (MAE) and <i style="">P. longum </i>(PLE) with their combination biherbal extract (BHE) against carbon tetrachloride (CCl₄) induced hepatic damage is reported in albino rats. There was a marked elevation of serum marker enzyme levels in CCl₄ treated rats, which were restored towards normalization in the drug (MAE and/or PLE:50 mg/kg body weight po, once daily for 14 days) treated animals. The biochemical parameters like total protein, total bilirubin, total cholesterol, triglycerides, and urea were also restored towards normal levels. The combined BHE<i style=""> </i>showed more significant reduction of the enzymes than MAE or PLE<i style=""> </i>against CCl₄induced hepatotoxicity. The results strongly indicate that BHE has more potent hepatoprotective action than MAE or PLE individually<i style=""> </i>against CCl₄induced hepatic damage in rats. Among these extracts, BHE showed similar hepatoprotective action to silymarin, which was the positive control in this study. <br/> <br/>Page(s): 276-281