http://nopr.niscair.res.in/handle/123456789/11098 Search the Channel search http://nopr.niscair.res.in/simple-search http://nopr.niscair.res.in/handle/123456789/11107 Title: Determination of free cisplatin in medium by differential pulse polarography after ultrasound and cisplatin treatment of a cancer cell culture <br/> <br/>Authors: Bernard, Vladan; Fojt, Lukáš; Škorpíková, Jiřina; Mornstein, Vojtěch <br/> <br/>Abstract: The <i style="">in vitro</i> study was carried out for detection of the cisplatin in free form and in culture medium, depending on various conditions of sonodynamic human ovarian cancer cells A2780 treatment by differential pulse polarography (DPP). For sonodynamic treatment, we used cisplatin alone and combined cisplatin/ultrasound treatments. The ultrasound exposure intensity of 1.0 and 2.0 W∙cm^-2 in far field for incubation periods 1, 24 and 48 h was used. The parameters of DPP measurements were - 1 s drop time, 5 mV.s^-1 voltage scan rate, 50 mV modulation amplitude and negative scanning direction; platinum wire served as counter electrode and Ag|AgCl|3 M KCl as reference electrode. The results showed the dependence of free platinum quantities in culture medium on incubation time and treatment protocol. We found difference in concentration of free cisplatin between conventional application of cisplatin and sonodynamic treatment. The sonodynamic combined treatment of cisplatin and ultrasound field showed a higher cisplatin content in the culture medium than cisplatin treatment alone; a difference of 20% was observed for incubation time 48 h. The results also showed the influence of a time sequence of ultrasound and cytostatics in the sonodynamic treatment. The highest amount of free cisplatin in the solution was found for primary application of cisplatin and the subsequent ultrasound exposure. The quantity of free cisplatin increased with time, namely for time intervals 1-24 h. There was no difference between the DPP signal of cisplatin in reaction mixture containing cells in small quantities and micro-filtered mixture without cells. Thus, the DPP method is suitable for the detection and quantification of free cisplatin in the culture medium of cell suspension. Ultrasound field can be important factor during cytostatic therapy. <br/> <br/>Page(s): 59-62 http://nopr.niscair.res.in/handle/123456789/11106 Title: Evaluation of antihyperlipidemic activity of ethanolic extract of <i style="">Cassia auriculata</i> flowers <br/> <br/>Authors: Vijayaraj, Panneer Selvam; Muthukumar, Kannan; Sabarirajan, Jayaraja; Nachiappan, Vasanthi <br/> <br/>Abstract: Hyperlipidemia is a major risk factor for development of coronary artery disease. <i style="">Cassia auriculata</i> is traditionally used in India for medicinal purposes. In this study, effect of ethanolic extract of<i> </i><i style="">Cassia auriculata </i>flowers<i style=""> (Et-CAF)</i> was investigated in Triton WR1339-induced hyperlipidemic rats. Treatment with the <i style="">Et-CAF </i>(450 mg/kg b.wt) significantly reduced the total cholesterol (TC), triglycerides (TG) and low-density lipoprotein-cholesterol (LDL) levels and significantly increased the high-density lipoprotein (HDL) level associated with reduction of atherogenic index in hyperlipidemic rats. However, there was no change in the serum lipid profile of normal rats treated with <i style="">Et-CAF </i>alone<i style="">. </i>The results suggest that <i style="">Et-CAF</i> has a beneficial effect in treating hyperlipidemia and may serve as a potential drug for prevention of hyperlipidemic atherosclerosis. <br/> <br/>Page(s): 54-58 http://nopr.niscair.res.in/handle/123456789/11105 Title: Evaluation of oxidative stress tolerance in maize (<i style="">Zea mays </i>L.) seedlings in response to drought <br/> <br/>Authors: Chugh, Vishal; Kaur, Narinder; Gupta, Anil K <br/> <br/>Abstract: Seedlings of selected six genotypes of maize (<i style="">Zea mays </i>L.) differing in their drought sensitivity (LM5 and Parkash drought-tolerant and PMH2, JH3459, Paras and LM14 as drought-sensitive) were exposed to 72 h drought stress at two leaf stage. Alterations in their antioxidant pools combined with activities of enzymes involved in defense against oxidative stress were investigated in leaves. Activities of some reactive oxygen species (ROS)-scavenging enzymes, catalase (CAT) and ascorbate peroxidase (APX) were enhanced in tolerant genotypes in response to drought stress. Superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity was significantly decreased in sensitive genotypes, but remained unchanged in tolerant genotypes under stress. Peroxidase (POX) activity was significantly induced in tolerant, as well as sensitive genotypes. Imposition of stress led to increase in H₂O₂ and malondialdehyde (MDA, a marker for lipid peroxidation) content in sensitive genotypes, while in tolerant genotypes no change was observed. Significant increase in glutathione content was observed in sensitive genotypes. Ascorbic acid pool was induced in both tolerant and sensitive genotypes, but induction was more pronounced in tolerant genotypes. Significant activation of antioxidative defence mechanisms correlated with drought-induced oxidative stress tolerance was the characteristic of the drought tolerant genotypes. These studies provide a mechanism for drought tolerance in maize seedlings. <br/> <br/>Page(s): 47-53 http://nopr.niscair.res.in/handle/123456789/11104 Title: Purification and partial characterization of oxalate oxidase from leaves of forage Sorghum (<i style="">Sorghum vulgare</i> var. KH-105) seedlings <br/> <br/>Authors: Kumar, Rajender; Hooda, Vinita; Pundir, C S <br/> <br/>Abstract: An oxalate oxidase was purified to apparent homogeneity from the leaves of 10-days old seedlings of forage Sorghum<i style=""> </i>(<i style="">Sorghum vulgare</i> var. KH-105). The enzyme had a Mr of 124 kDa with two identical subunits, an optimum pH of 4.5, optimum temperature of 37°C and activation energy (Ea) of 2.0338 Kcal/mol. The rate of reaction was linear up to 7 min. <i style="">K</i>_mvalue for oxalate was 0.22 mM. The enzyme was stimulated by Cu²⁺ and inhibited by EDTA, NaCN, diethyldithiocarbamate, na₂SO₄,but unaffected by NaCl at 0.1 mM concentration. Although the enzyme was stimulated by flavin mononucleotide (FMN) and flavin adenine dinucleotide (FAD), UV and visible spectra of the enzyme did not match with that of a flavoprotein. The positive reaction of the enzyme with orcinol-H₂SO₄ reagent indicated its glycoprotein nature. The superiority of the purified enzyme over earlier reported oxalate oxidases for determination of urinary oxalate has been demonstrated. <br/> <br/>Page(s): 42-46