http://nopr.niscair.res.in/handle/123456789/10966 Search the Channel search http://nopr.niscair.res.in/simple-search http://nopr.niscair.res.in/handle/123456789/10979 Title: Ethanol production with natural carbon sources in batch and continuousfermentation using free and immobilized <i>Saccharomyces cerevisiae</i> <br/> <br/>Authors: Shafaghat, Hoda; Najafpour, Ghasem D.; Rezaei, Pouya Sirous; Sharifzadeh-Baei, Mazyar <br/> <br/>Abstract: This study presents ethanol production from molasses, dates and sugarcane syrup with sugar concentration of 35g/l in batch culture. Molasses (retention time, 24 h; initial sugar concentration, 100 g/l) gave highest yield of ethanol [conc., 45.5 g/l (theoreticalyield 89%)] in a packed bed reactor loaded with immobilized <i>Saccharomyces cerevisiae</i> beads (mean diam, 3 mm). After 16 h of cultivation, free cells were harvested for immobilization. Entrapment method was used to encapsulate free cells using 2.5%sodium alginate solution, solidified in calcium chloride bath. Growth kinetic model for S. <i>cerevisiae</i> in batch culture and rate model for performance of immobilized cell reactor (ICR) were determined. <br/> <br/>Page(s): 162-169 http://nopr.niscair.res.in/handle/123456789/10978 Title: Bioethanol production from acid pretreated water hyacinth by separate hydrolysis and fermentation <br/> <br/>Authors: Satyanagalakshmi, Karri; Sindhu, Raveendran; Binod, Parameswaran; Janu, Kanakambaran Usha; Sukumaran, Rajeev K; Pandey, Ashok <br/> <br/>Abstract: This study evaluated water hyacinth as feedstock for bioethanol production. Among different organic and mineral acids tested on pretreatment of water hyacinth, H₂SO₄ was found to be effective. Structural changes before and after pretreatment were evaluated by SEM, FTIR and XRD analysis. Various process parameters on hydrolysis of H₂SO₄ pretreated water hyacinth were optimized. Under optimized conditions, bioethanol (0.292% w/v) was obtained with an actual efficiency of 59.3%. <br/> <br/>Page(s): 156-161 http://nopr.niscair.res.in/handle/123456789/10977 Title: Tablet disintegrant activities of new starch from immature pepino fruits <br/> <br/>Authors: Khan, Saleemulla; Ramu, G; Mohan, G Krishna; Jayaveera, K N; Bhalgat, Chetan <br/> <br/>Abstract: A new starch powder isolated by steeping process from pepino fruits (<i>Solanum muricatum</i> Aiton) as tablet disintegrant was compared with maize starch BP (MS) in paracetamol tablets prepared via wet granulation method. Increasing concentration resulted in slight increase in hardness and decrease in friability for MS, whereas hardness slightly decreased and friability marginally increased for PS. PS absorbed least moisture followed by MS. PS formulations showed longer disintegration time than MS. However disintegration time was comparable at 10% w/w concentration: PS, 4.7; and MS, 5.0 min. PS is likely to initiate disintegration by swelling and capillary action. Drug dissolution (70%) was within 30 min. Thus PS powder appears to be a suitable substitute for MS as internal disintegrant in paracetamol tablet formulations. <br/> <br/>Page(s): 149-155 http://nopr.niscair.res.in/handle/123456789/10976 Title: Effect of nutritional and environmental factors on cellulases activity by thermophilic bacteria isolated from hot spring <br/> <br/>Authors: Acharya, Somen; Chaudhary, Anita <br/> <br/>Abstract: This study presents effects of some nutritional and environmental factors on cellulases production by isolates, <i>Bacillus licheniformis</i> WBS1 and <i>Bacillus</i> sp. WBS3, which have been isolated from an Indian hot spring. Activity of both CMCase and FPase were higher in case of wheat straw. Maximum enzymatic activity was found at following optimum parameters: pH (8.0when grown on rice, 9.0 when grown on wheat); temperature, 60°C; and incubation period, 60 h. In addition, combination of inorganic and organic nitrogen source was found to be most suitable for cellulases production. <br/> <br/>Page(s): 142-148